Sphincter dilation

Dilating or stretching open the upper esophageal sphincter is a procedure that can help improve swallowing in some retrograde cricopharyngeus dysfunction (R-CPD) patients. It aims to physically widen the opening to allow easier food passage. Recovering from sphincter dilation is generally straightforward with minimal restrictions required.

The dilation itself is an outpatient procedure taking only minutes. An endoscope is used to guide a small balloon device into the upper sphincter which is then gradually inflated to expand the opening. Mild sore throat and fatigue are common afterward. Patients can typically eat normally the same day.

Complications like bleeding or tissue damage are uncommon but prompt medical attention if they occur. Discomfort may persist for a few days but only over-the-counter pain medication is typically needed for relief. The goal is to maintain diet and activity as normally as possible.

Follow up with the treating physician is important to assess the efficacy of the dilation. Multiple sessions may be needed in some R-CPD patients to achieve longer lasting sphincter relaxation. Waiting at least a month between procedures allows the tissues to adequately heal.

While not a cure, periodic sphincter dilation along with proper swallowing techniques can provide cumulative benefit. Essentially the repeated dilations train the muscles to remain open. It’s an easily repeatable option for R-CPD management without major recovery demands.

The main limitations are that the effects may only provide temporary improvement in swallowing ability. The muscles tend to tighten back up over time. Also, more significant complications can occur if sphincter tissues are overstretched. Working closely with a gastroenterologist helps ensure safe and appropriate dilation sessions.

With proper technique and patience, sequential upper esophageal sphincter dilation can relieve R-CPD dysphagia for some patients. The straightforward recovery enables multiple treatments over time to progressively improve ease of swallowing.